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Herpes symptoms Most people do not find out they have herpes from a routine test. Most people notice the signs and symptoms first and then go to a doctor to have it confirmed. You need to be aware of what the symptoms are. Most often the initial exposure is the worst case of an outbreak you will get. This primary infection is what tells most people that something is wrong. This primary infection is worse because your body has never made any antibodies to the virus before this initial exposure to it and it takes time for your body to begin to fight it off. The herpes primary infection may have more sores and may spread to a larger area of the skin. You might feel more generally ill and have flu-like symptoms. You might have muscle aches, fever and fatigue. You might also have painful burning, itching and irritation in the genital area. With oral herpes, you might have painful irritation or sores around the mouth and possibly even inside the mouth. You might also have swollen lymph nodes with your outbreak. Available Tests for Herpes The best time to go to the doctor is when you have an active outbreak of the herpes virus. If you see lesions or sores, you should see the doctor right away to get tested. The primary methods of testing for the virus are the herpes culture and HSV DNA testing. Tests for HSV are usually done only for sores in the genital area. In rare cases, the test may be done using other types of samples, such as spinal fluid, blood, urine, or tears. Below are the common methods of testing for the herpes simplex virus. Types of Tests ![]() Herpes viral culture.
Cells or fluid from a fresh sore are collected with a cotton swab and placed in a culture container. A viral culture is typically considered the most specific method of diagnosing a genital herpes infection. ![]() Herpes virus antigen detection test.
In this test, cells from a fresh sore are scraped off and then smeared onto a microscope slide. This test detects markers (called antigens) on the surface of cells infected with the herpes virus. This test may be done in addition to or in place of a viral culture. ![]() Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test.
PCR testing can be done on cells or fluid from a sore or on blood or on other fluid (such as the person's spinal fluid). PCR detects the genetic material (DNA) of the HSV virus. This test can distinguish between HSV-1 and HSV-2. The PCR test is not commonly done on the skin lesions themselves but it is best for testing spinal fluid, for rare cases in which herpes may be causing infection in or around the brain. ![]() Antibody tests.
Blood tests can detect antibodies that are made by the immune system to fight a herpes infection. Antibody tests are occasionally done but are not as accurate as a viral culture at identifying the cause of a specific sore or ulcer. Antibody tests cannot distinguish between a current, active herpes infection and a past infection. Because antibodies take time to develop after the initial infection, a positive antibody test may not be present if you have recently been infected. Some blood tests can diagnose the difference between HSV-1 and HSV-2. Herpes testing is done to determine where it is in fact, the herpes simplex virus that is causing sores that may appear in the mouth or genital area. Usually the tests are performed because the person has an outbreak of sores and comes in to find out what is causing it. |
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